Oracle GoldenGate(OGG)是一种高性能、实时数据复制和数据集成软件,它可以在异构IT环境中实现持续的数据可用性、数据移动和数据管理,OGG通过捕获源数据库的日志记录,将这些日志记录传输到目标数据库进行实时或延迟的数据处理,从而实现数据的持久性解决方案。
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以下是使用Oracle OGG实现简洁而又有效的数据持久性解决方案的详细技术教学:
1、环境准备
在开始使用OGG之前,需要确保已经安装了Oracle数据库和GoldenGate软件,还需要配置源数据库和目标数据库之间的网络连接,以便OGG能够捕获和传输数据。
2、创建OGG部署
在源数据库上创建一个OGG部署,用于定义数据复制的拓扑结构、捕获进程和复制进程,可以使用Oracle SQL*Plus或者GoldenGate Command Line Interface(CLI)来创建OGG部署。
使用SQL*Plus创建一个简单的OGG部署:
连接到源数据库 CONNECT sys/password@source_db; 创建OGG部署 CREATE DEPLOYMENT my_ogg_deployment TYPE EXTERNAL; 添加源数据库和目标数据库 ADD TARGET my_target_db USERID my_target_user IDENTIFIED BY my_target_password; ADD EXTRACT my_extraction_tape DATABASE PASSWORD my_password LOGFILE 'my_extraction_file.dmp'; 启动OGG部署 START DEPLOYMENT my_ogg_deployment;
3、配置捕获进程
在源数据库上创建一个捕获进程,用于捕获源数据库的日志记录,可以使用Oracle SQL*Plus或者GoldenGate CLI来配置捕获进程。
使用SQL*Plus配置一个简单的捕获进程:
连接到源数据库 CONNECT sys/password@source_db; 创建捕获进程 ADD CAPTURED DATABASE my_captured_db; SET INSTANCE my_instance; SET GROUP my_group; SET CLASS my_class; SET RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7200 SECONDS; SET ARCHIVE DESTINATION 'my_archive_dir'; SET ARCHIVE LISTENER my_archive_listener; SET FILTER PROCESSOR my_filter_processor; SET METADATA FORMAT TARGET 'my_metadata_format'; SET METADATA LOCATION 'my_metadata_location'; SET CONNECTION RETRIES TO 5; SET CONNECTION WAIT TO 60 SECONDS; SET MULTITHREADED CONNECTIONS TO 4; SET PUBLISH ADDRESS 'my_publishing_address'; SET PURGE PROCESSOR my_purge_processor; SET PURGE LOCATION 'my_purge_location'; SET PURGE BEFORE RETENTION TO TRUE; SET PURGE INCREMENT TO 10000; SET PURGE RETENTION TO 7200 SECONDS; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO PRIMARY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO ALL; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY,ALL; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,COLDSTORAGE; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,STANDBY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,PRIMARY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO NONE,ALL; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY,ALL; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY,PRIMARY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE,STANDBY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO COLDSTORAGE; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY,PRIMARY,ALL; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY,PRIMARY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO STANDBY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO PRIMARY,ALL; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO PRIMARY; SET PURGE RETENTION GUARANTEE TO ALL;
4、配置复制进程和目标表空间映射
在目标数据库上创建一个复制进程,用于接收来自源数据库的数据,可以使用Oracle SQL*Plus或者GoldenGate CLI来配置复制进程,还需要为目标表空间配置映射关系,以便OGG知道如何将数据插入到目标数据库。
使用SQL*Plus配置一个简单的复制进程和目标表空间映射:
连接到目标数据库 CONNECT sys/password@target_db; 创建复制进程和目标表空间映射关系 ADD TRANSLATION my_translation FOR EXTENSION my_extension FROM ADDRESS 'my_source_address' MAPPING 'my_source_tablespace:my_source_schema.my_source_table' TARGET 'my_target_tablespace:my_target_schema.my_target_table';
5、监控和优化OGG性能
为了确保OGG的性能和稳定性,需要定期监控和优化OGG的性能,可以使用Oracle GoldenGate Manager(OGGM)或者GoldenGate CLI来监控和优化OGG性能,可以查看捕获进程和复制进程的状态、日志文件大小、网络带宽使用情况等指标,并根据需要调整OGG的配置参数。
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